While imprisoned for his involvement in the failed 1923 Beer Hall Putsch, Adolf Hitler wrote the first volume of his book, Mein Kampf. In it, he expressed his desire to lead Germany towards a "utopian" Aryan nation, a country without Jews and with more territory. When he became Chancellor in 1933 and Führer in 1934, his vision turned into a nightmare, leading to World War II and the Holocaust.