When the Nazi army occupied Bohemia and Moravia on March 15, 1939, the Czech nation faced a period of mortal danger. A few weeks later, Major General Alois Eliáš entered the most dramatic period of his life – on April 27, 1939, he was appointed Prime Minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. This was despite the fact that the Nazis were aware of Eliáš's activities in the Russian and then French Czechoslovak legions, and that he was an advocate of active defense at the time of the Munich capitulation. Alois Eliáš accepted the position in the Protectorate government with full awareness of the risks and dangers: he was aware that by cooperating with the Nazis he would tarnish his name, and he knew that he could not do without feigned loyalty.