A presentation on the causes and effects of stroke points out that the brain is susceptible to damage from diseases of the arteries, particularly, stroke. The mechanisms that set the conditions for a stroke are explained with emphasis on hardening of the arteries and blood clots. If a stroke occurs it will affect certain functions controlled by the brain. The functions (speech, memory, muscular control) affected will depend upon the location of the stroke in the brain. Once a stroke has occurred rehabilitation through physical therapy can help. Basic lifestyle changes, which may be required if there is a family history of stroke, include having regular medical checkups, exercising. learning to relax, eating balanced meals (lower in fat and cholesterol), and stopping smoking.